References

References for Physiological Disorders of Palms

Broschat, T.K. 1984. Nutrient deficiency symptoms in five species of palms grown as foliage plants. Principes 28: 6-14.

Broschat, T.K. 1990. Potassium deficiency of palms in south Florida. Principes 34: 151-155.

Broschat, T.K. 1991. Manganese binding by municipal waste composts used as potting media. J. Environ. Hort. 9:97-100.

Broschat, T.K. 2000. Phytotoxicity and longevity of twenty-two preemergent herbicides used on three species of container-grown palms. HortTechnology 10: 597-603.

Broschat, T.K. 2007. Boron deficiency symptoms of palms. Palms 51: 115-126.

Broschat, T.K. 2007. Boron deficiency, phenoxy herbicides, stem bending, and branching in palms—is there a connection? Palms 51: 161-163.

Broschat, T.K. and H. Donselman. 1985. Causes of palm nutritional disorders. Proc. Fla. St. Hort. Soc. 98: 101-102.

Broschat, T.K. and A.W. Meerow. 2000. Ornamental palm horticulture. Univ. Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Brunin, C. and P. Coomans. 1973. La carence en bore sur jeunes cocotiers en Côte D’Ivoire. Oléagineux 28: 229-234.

Bull, R.A. 1961. Studies on the deficiency symptoms of the oil palm. 2. Macronutrient deficiency symptoms in oil palm seedlings grown in sand culture. J. West African Inst. Oil Palm Res. 3: 254-264.

Bull, R.A. 1961. Studies on the deficiency diseases of the oil palm. 3. Micronutrient deficiency symptoms in oil palm seedlings grown in sand culture. J. West African Inst. Oil Palm Res. 3: 265-272.

Donselman, H. and T.K. Broschat. 1986. Phytotoxicity of several pre- and post-emergent herbicides on container-grown palms. Proc. Fla. St. Hort. Soc. 99: 273-274.

Furr, J.R. and C.L. Ream. 1968. Salinity effects on growth and salt uptake of seedlings of the date, Phoenix dactylifera L. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 92: 268-273.

Koebernick, J. 1966. Salt tolerance in young palms. Principes 10: 12-14.

Larcher, W. and A. Winter. 1981. Frost susceptibility of palms: experimental data and their interpretation. Principes 25: 143-152.

Manciot, E., M. Ollagnier, and R. Ochs. 1979-80. Mineral nutrition of the coconut around the world. Oléagineux 34 :511-515; 576-580; 35: 23-27.

Marlatt, R. B. 1978. Boron deficiency and toxicity symptoms in Ficus elastica and Chrysalidocarpus lutescens. HortScience 13: 442-443.

Meerow, A.W. and T.K. Broschat. 1991. Phytotoxicity of the preemergent herbicide metolachlor on containerized palms. Foliage Digest 17(9): 6.

Ollagnier, M. and G. Valverde. 1968. Contribution à l’etude de la carence en bore du palmier à huile. Oléagineux 23: 359-366.

Return to top

References for Diseases of Palms

Atilano, R.A. 1982. Phytophthora bud rot of Washingtonia palm. Plant Dis. 66: 517-519.

Atilano, R.A., W.R. Llewellyn, and H.M. Donselman. 1980. Control of Gliocladium in Chamaedorea palms. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 98: 194-195.

Barr, M.E., H. D.Ohr and M.K. Murphy. 1989. The genus Serenomyces on palms. Mycologia 81: 47-51.

Broschat, T.K. and M.L. Elliott. 2005. Effects of iron source on iron chlorosis and Exserohilum leaf spot severity in Wodyetia bifurcata. HortScience 40: 218-220.

Chase, A.R. 1982. Dematiaceous leaf spots of Chrysalidocarpus lutescens and other palms in Florida. Plant Dis. 66: 697-699.

Downer, J. 2003. Palm Disease Notes: Pink Rot. Landscape Notes 17(2): 2-3.

Downer, A.J. and D.R. Hodel. 2007. Leaf removal from Washingontia filifera does not prevent infection by Phaeochoropsis neowashingtoneae, but does predispose palms to early death from pink rot, Gliocladium vermoeseni. HortScience. 42: 978 (Abstr.).

Downer, A.J., J.Y. Uchida, D.R. Hodel and M.L. Elliott. 2009. Lethal palm diseases common in the United States. HortTechnology 19: 710-716.

Elliott, M.L., and T.K. Broschat. 2001. Observations and pathogenicity experiments on Ganoderma zonatum in Florida. Palms 45:62-72.

Elliott, M.L. and E.A. Des Jardin. 2006. First report of Cocoicola californica on Washingtonia robusta in Florida. Online. Plant Health Progr. doi:10.1094/PHP-2006-0227-01-BR.

Elliott, M.L. and E.A. Des Jardin. 2006. First report of a Serenomyces sp. from Copernicia x burretiana, Latania loddigesii, and Phoenix canariensis in Florida and the United States. Online. Plant Health Progr. doi:10.1094/PHP-2006-1213-02-BR.

Elliott, M.L., T.K. Broschat, J.Y. Uchida and G.W. Simone, eds. 2004. Compendium of Ornamental Palm Diseases and Disorders. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

Elliott, M.L., E.A. DesJardin, K. O’Donell, D.M. Geiser, N.A. Harrison and T.K. Broschat. 2010. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. palmarum, a novel forma specialis causing a lethal disease of Syagrus romanozoffiana and Washingtonia robusta in Florida. Plant Dis. 94: 31-38.

Elmer, H.S., J.B. Carpenter and L.J. Klotz. 1968. Pests and diseases of the date palm. Part II. Diseases. FAO Plant Protect. Bull. 16: 97-110.

Feather, T.V. 1982. Occurrence, Etiology and Control of Wilt and Dieback of Phoenix canariensis in California. Ph.D. diss. University of California, Riverside, CA.

Feather, T.V., D.E. Munnecke and J.B. Carpenter. 1989. The occurrence of Fusarium oxysporum on Phoenix canariensis, a potential danger to date production in California. Plant Dis. 73: 78-80.

Flood, J., P.D. Bridge and M. Holderness, eds. 2000. Ganoderma Diseases of Perennial Crops. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, U.K.

Garofalo, J.F. and R.T. McMillan. 2004. Thielaviopsis diseases of palms. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 117: 324-325.

Gerber, K. and R.M. Giblin-Davis. 1990. Association of the red ring nematode, Rhadinaphelenchus cocophilus, and other nematode species with Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J. Nematol. 22: 143-149.

Griffith, R. 1987. Red ring disease of coconut palm. Plant Dis. 71: 193-196.

Harrison, N.A., E.E. Helmick and M.L. Elliott. 2009. First report of a phytoplasma-associated lethal decline of Sabal palmetto in Florida, USA. Plant Pathol. 58: 792.

Harrison, N.A., E.E. Helmick and M.L. Elliott. 2008. Lethal yellowing-type diseases of palms associated with phytoplasmas newly identified in Florida, USA. Ann. Appl. Biol. 153: 85-94.

Harrison, N.A., M. Womack and M.L. Carpio. 2002. Detection and characterization of a lethal yellowing (16SrIV) group phytoplasma in Canary Island date palms affected by lethal decline in Texas. Plant Dis. 86: 676-681.

Harrison, N.A., I. Cordova, P. Richardson and R. DiBonito. 1999. Detection and diagnosis of lethal yellowing. Pages 183-196 in: Current Advances in Coconut Biotechnology. C. Oropeza, J.L. Verdeil, G.R. Ashburner, R. Cardeña, and J. M. Santamaría, eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Hyde, K.D. and P.F. Cannon. 1999. Fungi causing tar spots on palms. Mycologial Papers, No. 175. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, U.K.

Keim, R., L.J. Klure and G.A. Zentmenyer. 1979. Collar rot of Washingtonia palms in containers. Plant Dis. Rep. 63: 718-720.

Miller, J.W. 1992. Bacterial blight of fishtail palm caused by Pseudomonas avenae. Florida Dept. Agric. and Consumer Services, Div. Plant Industry. Plant Pathol. Circ. 355.

Parthasarathy, M.V. and W.G. van Slobbe. 1978. Hartrot or fatal wilt of palms. I. Coconuts (Cocos nucifera). Principes 22: 3-14.

Parthasarathy, M.V. and W.G. van Slobbe. 1978. Hartrot or fatal wilt of palms. II. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and other palms. Principes 22: 15-25.

Polizzi, G. and A. Vitale. 2003. First report of leaf spot and blight by Botrytis cinerea on pygmy date palm in Italy. Plant Dis. 87: 1398.

Sinha, M. K., R. Singh and R. Jeyarajan. 1970. Graphiola leaf spot on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera): susceptibility of date varieties and effect on chlorophyll content. Plant Dis. Rep. 54: 617-619.

Summerell, B.A., H.C. Kistler and L.V. Gunn. 2001. Fusarium wilt of Phoenix canariensis caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis. Pages 263-270 in: Fusarium: Paul E. Nelson Memorial Symposium. B.A. Summerell, J.F. Leslie, D. Backhouse, W.L. Bryden, and L.W. Burgess, eds. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

Uchida, J.Y. and M. Aragaki. 1992. Calonectria leaf spot of Howeia forsterana in Hawaii. Plant Dis. 76: 853-856.

Uchida, J.Y., M. Aragaki, J.J. Ooka and N.M. Nagata. 1992. Phytophthora fruit and heart rots of coconut in Hawaii. Plant Dis. 76: 925-927.

Waters, H. 1978. A wilt disease of coconuts from Trinidad associated with Phytomonas sp., a sieve tube-restricted protozoan flagellate. Ann. App. Biol. 90: 293-302.

Return to top

December 1, 2010